EXPLAINER: How does hail form and how large can it get?
Here's what you need to know about the science behind hail
Here's what you need to know about the science behind hail
Here's what you need to know about the science behind hail
One of the biggest impacts of thunderstorms and severe storms that Oklahoma meteorologists talk about is hail.
>> Check live radar | KOCO weather page | Get KOCO on the Go
Here's what you need to know about the science behind hail.
What is hail?
Hail is precipitation that is made of solid ice that forms in thunderstorm updrafts. It is most common in severe thunderstorms.
Hail size can range from very small to the size of grapefruits. Large hail can damage homes, cars, and aircraft. Hail can also injure people and animals caught in a storm.
How does hail form?
Any strong thunderstorm needs an updraft, which carries raindrops into the higher levels of the storm. Temperatures in those higher levels are below freezing, so the raindrops will collide with other supercooled raindrops and start to form hailstones.
They will grow to be bigger and bigger and heavier as ice cycles inside the storm.
There are two different types of growth with hailstones – wet growth and dry growth. This will give a layered look to the hailstone.
The wet growth is very clear, while dry growth will look cloudy with air bubbles frozen in place.
How large can hail get?
Hail can get up to many different sizes, ranging from pea sizes to as big as grapefruit.
Quarter-sized hail is considered severe, and anything over 2 inches can break a window. Smaller ones can if it's wind-driven.
The largest hailstone ever recorded was over 7 inches, which is close to the size of a bowling ball.
Here's a common list of objects hail is often compared to:
- Pea: 1/4 inch diameter
- Penny: 3/4 inch diameter
- Nickel: 7/8 inch
- Quarter: 1 inch — hail quarter size or larger is considered severe
- Ping-Pong Ball: 1 1/2 inch
- Golf Ball: 1 3/4 inches
- Tennis Ball: 2 1/2 inches
- Baseball: 2 3/4 inches
- Softball = 4 inches
- Grapefruit = 4 1/2 inches
Be sure to download the KOCO 5 app to receive customized weather alerts. You can watch our team coverage on the app, too.
>> Check Live, Interactive Radar
>> Download the KOCO 5 app on iPhone