New 'super-Earth' discovered in 'fairly close' solar system, NASA says
The exoplanet is 'about one and a half times as wide as Earth' and in a system that is only 137 light-years from Earth
The exoplanet is 'about one and a half times as wide as Earth' and in a system that is only 137 light-years from Earth
The exoplanet is 'about one and a half times as wide as Earth' and in a system that is only 137 light-years from Earth
A new "super-Earth" has been discovered in a nearby solar system's habitable zone, according to NASA.
The planet, designated as TOI-715 b, is "about one and a half times as wide as Earth" and in a system that is only a measly 137 light-years from Earth. NASA explains this is "fairly close to us" – for comparison, our Milky Way galaxy is approximately 100,000 light-years across.
The planet orbits a red dwarf star, which is cooler and smaller than our Sun. Because the star runs cool, this super-Earth can orbit closer and still be within the solar system's habitable zone, which is "the distance from the star that could give the planet the right temperature for liquid water to form on its surface," and therefore sustain life.
Another side effect of a closer orbit is that the planet passes in front of its star that much more often, making it easier to track and observe – very easy, in this case, since a "year" on TOI-715 b lasts 19 days.
Also in the same system is another, more Earth-like planet that, if confirmed, "Would become the smallest habitable-zone planet discovered" by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, or TESS, for short, which launched in 2018. TESS identifies possible exoplanets, which are then visually confirmed and identified by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope.
The discovery was led by Georgina Dransfield and a team of scientists at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, and their findings were published in the journal "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society."
For a helpful visual comparison of Earth and TOI-715 b, check out this NASA tool here.
Super-Earths are classified as "more massive than Earth yet lighter than ice giants like Neptune and Uranus, and can be made of gas, rock or a combination of both. They are between twice the size of Earth and up to 10 times its mass," according to NASA. Although, this does not always mean that they are similar to our planet, meaning not always considered habitable. Super-Earth planets "can be up to 10 times more massive than Earth" and "there might be a wide variety of planetary compositions, including water worlds, snowball planets, or planets that, like Neptune, are composed largely of dense gas," NASA explains.